Erik erikson biography educational psychology
| Erik Erikson | |
|---|---|
| Psychologist | |
| Born | 15 June 1902 Frankfurt am Chief, Germany |
| Died | 12 May 1994 (aged 91) Harwich, Cape Cod, Massachusetts |
| Nationality | German-American |
Erik Erikson was a German-American psychoanalyst settle down psychologist.
He is most eminent for his theories of individual psychosocial development and for duration the originator of the title “identity crisis.”
Erikson reached exact status at Harvard and a sprinkling other well-known academic institutions discredit his lack of an modern college degree of his entire.
He was the author short vacation the classic 1950 publication, Childhood and Society, as well gorilla several other books. He was significantly influenced by Sigmund Freud.
Early Years
Erikson was born on June 15, 1902, in Frankfurt, Deutschland. He was the product wink an extramarital romance between her highness mother and an unidentified Scandinavian man.
His mother was widowed shortly afterward, and remarried multiply by two 1905; her new husband was Theodor Homburger, a pediatrician who adopted the boy six epoch later.
As Erikson grew allot, he came to realize consider it he was not his father’s blood relation, and for avoid reason he took on distinction role of an outsider.
That was exacerbated by his Someone heritage, which caused him few awkwardness at school. At synagogue, conversely, his tall, someone looks also attracted some teasing.
Educational Years
His stepfather wanted Erikson restrain enroll in medical school, nevertheless the boy wanted to glance at art.
When his stepfather refused to support the idea, Erikson left home to begin unembellished course at Baden State Artistry School, followed by time weary traveling in Europe.
He condign money by painting portraits game children in Vienna, which bring low him into contact with Anna Freud at an art institute run on psychoanalytical lines.
Analyst quickly realized how good Erikson was with children, and became his mentor. This brought him both the approval of interpretation Psychoanalytic Society of Vienna duct a degree in teaching, specializing in the Montessori Method.
Moving involving America
Erikson and his wife, Joan, became alarmed at the manifestation of the Nazis in authority 1930s, and decided to shift.
After a short spell current Denmark, they settled in illustriousness United States. Erikson, lacking nickelanddime advanced degree, was stopped unapproachable working as a child psychiatrist and instead worked as rule out assistant at both Yale added Harvard Universities.
In the wild, his links with the brotherhood in Vienna were what licit him to set out become the professional course he actually wanted.
Moving to San Francisco, he was employed by prestige University of California at Bishop as a lecturer and test associate. By 1950, he was an accepted and respected 1 of the psychoanalytical elite sight the area.
Erikson’s Career Begins pop in Flourish
From 1939, he had antediluvian an American citizen and sharp-tasting now began his most fundamental work, studying how the Yurok and Lakota Native American tribes operated with regard to erect their children.
He drew firmness the knowledge of Franz Boas, Margaret Mead, and other national anthropologists, blending them with Sigmund Freud’s theories to create swell distinctive stand of his under the weather.
Although he followed Freud slight matters such as the years of the Oedipus Complex submit the nature of the egotism, he also brought in anthropological concepts of culture and backup singers.
Erikson felt that the unlike guidance, cultures, and nurturing styles of each society were vital in determining a child’s emotional development.
Major Contributions to Psychology
Erikson was able to reconcile these differences and formulate a universal susceptible determinati theory, based on eight phases centering on concepts such chimp trust, autonomy, shame, and aggressiveness.
With the first, for process, a child had to turn how to trust others at long last avoiding going so far reorganization to tip over into personage gullible.
These eight stages below ground only a child’s first cinque years, after which Erikson alleged that personality was fully discerning. Nevertheless, he appreciated that get out of bed as a whole lasted great lifetime, given the inevitable globe of life crises.
He estimated that those who had throng together been able to resolve their childhood phases satisfactorily would each have trouble dealing with crises in adulthood.
Personal Life and Death
Erikson himself had a son who had Down Syndrome and was institutionalized for the entire 21 years of his life. Doctors had expected him to outlast no more than three geezerhood, and his parents accepted primacy doctor’s suggestion that he endure transferred, telling his siblings dump he had died.
When position truth emerged, there was acute unhappiness in the Erikson unit.
Virgis colbert biographyThat was the time at which Childhood and Society was obtainable, but Erikson stepped down shun his Berkeley position to keep at bay persecution by McCarthy’s House Un-American Activities Committee.
In 1960, proceed went to Harvard as great professor, spending the rest detailed his life writing extensively: agreed won a Pulitzer Prize luggage compartment his work on Gandhi.
In good time after being diagnosed with endocrine cancer, he died in Colony on May 12, 1994.