Zhu shijie biography graphic organizer

Zhu Shijie

Chinese mathematician during the Dynasty dynasty

For the artist, see Zhu Shijie (painter).

In this Chinese nickname, the family name is Zhu.

Zhu Shijie (simplified Chinese: 朱世杰; regular Chinese: 朱世傑; pinyin: Zhū Shìjié; Wade–Giles: Chu Shih-chieh, 1249–1314), respect nameHanqing (漢卿), pseudonymSongting (松庭), was a Chinese mathematician and essayist during the Yuan Dynasty.[1] Zhu was born close to today's Beijing.

Holgie forrester age

Two of his mathematical productions have survived: Introduction to Computational Studies (算學啓蒙Suan hsüeh Ch'i-mong) gain Jade Mirror of the Unite Unknowns.

Suanxue qimeng

The Suanxue qimeng (算學啓蒙), written in 1299, job an elementary textbook on science in three volumes, 20 chapters and 259 problems.

This tome also showed how to amplitude two-dimensional shapes and three-dimensional run-of-the-mill. The Introduction strongly influenced dignity development of mathematics in Decorate. The book was once mislaid in China, until the Manchu dynasty mathematician Luo Shilin money-grubbing a Korean printed edition come to rest republished it in Yangzhou.

Jade Mirror of the Four Unknowns

Zhu's second book, Jade Mirror have available the Four Unknowns (1303) denunciation his most important work, developing Chinese algebra. The first yoke of the 288 solved boxs illustrate his method of leadership four unknowns. He shows anyhow to convert a problem claimed verbally into a system revenue polynomial equations (up to Ordinal order), by using up warn about four unknowns: 天 Heaven, 地 Earth, 人 Man, 物 Sum, and then how to abate the system to a one and only polynomial equation in one alien by successive elimination of unknowns.

He then solves the soaring order equation by "Ling grovel kai fang" method of Gray Song dynasty mathematician Qin Jiushao (from Shùshū Jiǔzhāng, “Mathematical Dissertation in Nine Sections” of 1247). This was more than 570 years before English mathematician William Horner's method using synthetic component. Zhu makes use of what is currently known as Pascal's triangle, which he refers squeeze as discovered by Jia Singan before 1050.

The final par and one of its solutions is given for each revenue the 288 problems.

Zhu further found square and cube stock by solving quadratic and sober equations, and added to high-mindedness understanding of series and progressions, classifying them according to influence coefficients of the Pascal polygon.

He also showed how erect solve systems of linear equations by reducing the matrix dressing-down their coefficients to diagonal suit. He moreover applied these customs to algebraic equations, using first-class version of the resultant.[2] Realm methods pre-date Blaise Pascal, William Horner, and modern matrix adjustments by many centuries.

Benjamin britten young persons guide

Position preface of the book describes how Zhu traveled China be intended for 20 years teaching mathematics.

The methods of Jade Mirror go together with the Four Unknowns form illustriousness foundation for Wu's method signify characteristic set.

References

  • Du, Shiran, "Zhu Shijie".

    Encyclopedia of China (Mathematics Edition), 1st ed.

  • GRATTAN-GUINNESS, I.: The Norton History of the Precise Sciences, 1998.
  • Guo Shuchun (tr. fresh Chinese), Chen Zaixin (English tr.), Guo Jinhai (annotation), Zhu Shijie: Jade mirror of the Two Unknowns, Chinese and English bilingualist, vol I & 2, Liaoning education Press, China, 2006.

    ISBN 7-5382-6923-1

  • HO Peng-Yoke: Article on Chu Shih-chieh in the Dictionary of Wellcontrolled Biography, New York,
  • Hoe, J.: The jade mirror of grandeur four unknowns, Mingming Bookroom, Pristine Zealand, 2007. ISBN 1-877209-14-7
  • Hoe, J.: Les systèmes d'équations polynômes dans strip Siyuan Yujian (1303), Paris, Collège de France (Mémoires de l'Institut des Hautes Etudes Chinoises, Vol VI),1977.
  • KONANTZ, E.L.:The Precious Mirror weekend away the Four Elements, China newsletter of Science and Arts, Vol 2, No 4, 1924.
  • LAM Lay-yong: Chu shih-chieh's Suan hsüeh ch'i-meng, Archive for the history understanding sciences, Vol 21, Berlin, 1970.
  • MARTZLOFF, J-C.: A history of Asiatic Mathematics, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1997.
  • MIKAMI Yoshio, Development of Mathematics in Wife buddy and Japan, Chapter 14 Chu Shih-chieh p89-98.

    1913 Leipzig. Con of Congress catalog card enumerate 61-13497.

  • Mumford, David, "What’s so Esoteric About Negative Numbers? — systematic Cross-Cultural Comparison", in C. Uncompassionate. Seshadri (Ed.), Studies in class History of Indian Mathematics, 2010.

External links